Francisco+Pizarro

media type="file" key="butzfranciscopizzaro.mp3"Franciso Pizzaro Francisco Pizarro (1478-1541) was a Spanish conquistador who traveled through much of the Pacific coast of America along Peru. He "discovered" the Incan empire and conquered it brutally and quickly, stealing immense hoards of gold, silver, and other treasures. Born in Trujillo, he was an illegitimate son of a Spanish gentleman and as a chilhis life consisted of pig herding. Pizzaro accompanied Ojeda to Colombia in 1510 and was with Balboa when he discovered the Pacific. Through his father, Francisco was second cousin to Hernán Cortés, the famed conquistador of Mexico. Pizarro became a close associate of Pedrarias Dávila and the governor assigned him a repartimiento of natives and cattle. When Pedrarias Dávila decided to get rid of Balboa out of distrust, he instructed Pizarro to personally arrest him and bring him to stand trial. Balboa was duly convicted and beheaded in January of 1519. For his loyalty to Pedrarias Dávila, Pizarro was bestowed the important political position of mayor (Alcalde) and magistrate of the then recently founded Panama City from 1519 to 1523. http://www.carpenoctem.tv/military/pizarro.html (June 2008). Francisco Pizzaro. Retrieved October 2, 2008, from [|http://www.carpenoctem.tv] Web site: http://www.carpenoctem.tv/military/pizarro.html On 13 September 1524, the first of three expeditions left from Panama for the conquest of Peru with about 80 men and 40 horses. Diego de Almagro was left behind because he was to recruit men, gather additional supplies, and join Pizarro later. The governor of Panama, [|Pedro Arias Dávila], at first approved in principle of exploring South America. Pizarro's first expedition, however, turned out to be a failure as his conquistadors. Moreover, the place names the Spanish bestowed along their route, including //Puerto deseado// (desired port), //Puerto del hambre// (port of hunger) and //Puerto quemado// (burned port), only confirm their straits. Fearing subsequent hostile encounters like the one the expedition endured at the [|Battle of Punta Quemada], Pizarro chose to end his tentative first expedition and return to Panama.9/12/2008). Francisco Pizzaro. Retrieved October 2, 2008, from Wikipedia Web site: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Pizarro Two years after the first very unsuccessful expedition, Pizarro, Almagro, and Luque started the arrangements for a second expedition with permission from Pedrarias Dávila. The governor, who himself was preparing an expedition north to [|Nicaragua], was reluctant to permit another expedition, having lost confidence in the outcome of Pizarro's expeditions. The three associates, however, eventually won his trust and he acquiesced. Pizarro left Panama with two ships with 160 men and several horses, reaching as far as the Colombian San Juan River. Soon after arriving the party separated, with Pizarro staying to explore the new and often perilous territory off the swampy Colombian coasts, while the expedition's second-in-command, Almagro, was sent back to Panama for reinforcements. Pizarro's //Piloto Mayor// (main pilot), [|Bartolomé Ruiz], continued sailing south and, after crossing the [|equator], found and captured a //balsa// (raft) of natives from [|Tumbes] who were supervising the area. To everyone's surprise, these carried a load of textiles, ceramic objects, and some much-desired pieces of gold, [|silver], and [|emeralds], making Ruiz's findings the central focus of this second expedition which only served to pique the conquistadors' interests for more gold and land. He then set sail north for the San Juan river, arriving to find Pizarro and his men exhausted from the serious difficulties they had faced exploring the new territory. Soon Almagro also sailed into the port with his vessel laden with supplies, and a considerable reinforcement of at least eighty recruited men who had arrived at Panama from Spain with the same expeditionary spirit. The findings and excellent news from Ruiz along with Almagro's new reinforcements cheered Pizarro and his tired followers. When the new governor of Panama, Pedro de los Ríos, had refused to allow for a third expedition to the south, the associates resolved for Pizarro to leave for Spain and appeal to the sovereign in person.Francisco PizzaroFrancisco Pizzaro Pizarro sailed from Panama for Spain in the spring of 1528, reaching [|Seville] in early summer. [|King Charles I], who was at [|Toledo], had an interview with Pizarro and heard of his expeditions in South America, a territory the conquistador described as very rich in gold and silver which he and his followers had bravely explored "to extend the empire of Castile." The King, who was soon to leave for Italy, was impressed at the accounts of Pizarro and promised to give his support for the conquest of Peru. It would be [|Queen Isabel], however, who, in the absence of the King, would sign the [|//Capitulación de Toledo//], a license document which authorized Francisco Pizarro to proceed with the [|conquest of Peru]. Pizarro was officially named the Governor, Captain General, and the "//[|Adelantado]//" of the New Castile for the distance of 200 leagues along the newly discovered coast, and invested with all the authority and prerogatives, his associates being left in wholly secondary positions (a fact which later incensed Almagro and would lead to eventual discords with Pizarro). One of the conditions of the grant was that within six months Pizarro should raise a sufficiently equipped force of two hundred and fifty men, of whom one hundred might be drawn from the colonies. Following the defeat of his brother, [|Huascar], [|Atahualpa] had been resting in the Sierra of northern Peru, near Cajamarca, in the nearby thermal baths known today as the [|Baños del Inca] (Incan Baths). After marching for almost two months towards Cajamarca, Pizarro and his force of just 106 foot-soldiers and 62 horsemen arrived and initiated proceedings for a meeting with Atahualpa. Pizarro sent Hernando de Soto, friar [|Vicente de Valverde] and native interpreter Felipillo to approach Atahualpa at Cajamarca's central plaza. Atahualpa, however, refused the Spanish presence in his land by saying he would "be no man's tributary." His complacency, because there were fewer than 200 Spanish as opposed to his 80,000 soldiers sealed his fate and that of the Incan empire. Atahualpa's refusal led Pizarro and his force to attack the Incan army in what became the [|Battle of Cajamarca] on 16 November 1532. The Spanish were successful and Pizarro executed Atahualpa's 12-man honor guard and took the Inca captive at the so-called [|ransom room]. Despite fulfilling his promise of filling one room (22 feet (7 m) by 17 feet (5 m) [|[2]]) with gold and two with silver, Atahualpa was convicted of killing his brother and plotting against Pizarro and his forces, and was executed by [|garrote] on 26 July 1533. Pizarro wished to find a reason for executing Atahualpa without angering the people he was attempting to subdue. A year later, Pizarro invaded [|Cuzco] with indigenous troops and with it sealed the conquest of Peru. It is argued by some historians that the growing resistance from the new Inca, [|Manco Inca Yupanqui], prolonged the conquest. Manco Inca Yupanqui was the brother of the puppet ruler, [|Tupac Huallpa]. After the Spanish had sealed the [|conquest of Peru] by taking [|Cuzco] in 1533, [|Jauja] in the fertile [|Mantaro Valley] was established as Peru's provisional capital in April 1534. But it was too far up in the mountains and far from the sea to serve as the Spanish capital of Peru. Pizarro thus founded the city of [|Lima] in Peru's central coast on 18 January 1535, a foundation that he considered as one of the most important things he had created in life. After the final effort of the Inca to recover [|Cuzco] had been defeated by [|Almagro], a dispute occurred between him and Pizarro respecting the limits of their jurisdiction. This led to confrontations between the [|Pizarro brothers] and Almagro, who was eventually defeated during the [|Battle of Las Salinas] (1538) and executed. Almagro's son, also named Diego and known as "//El Mozo//", was later stripped of his lands and left bankrupt by Pizarro. 9/12/2008). Francisco Pizzaro. Retrieved October 2, 2008, from Wikipedia Web site: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Pizarro http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Pizarro

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Francisco Pizzaro was born in 1478 and died in 1541. He was a Spanish conquistador who traveled the pacific and along Peru. He was born in Trujillo, and was a legitimate son of a Spanish gentleman and his life consisted of mostly pig herding in his early years. He was the second cousin to Herdand Cortes, the famed conquistador to Mexico. He was assigned to be the governor of natives and cattle. He was very loyal to Pedrarias Davila and for this he was to be the governor of Panama city from 1519-1523. On September 15 1524, the first of three expeditions left from Panama for the conquest of Peru with about 80 men and 40 horses. This expedition turned out to be a failure as his conquistadors. Fearing subsequent hostile encounters like the one expedition endured at the Bttle of Punta Quemada, Pizzaro chose to end his first tentative expedition and return to Panama. Two years after the first failed expedition, Pizzaro, Almagro, and Luque started the arrangements for a second expedition with the permission of Pedrarias Davila. Davila was already preparing himself for another expedition to Nicaragua, and he was very reluctant to let them have another expedition after the first expedition was so unsuccessful. They eventually won his trust. During this second expedition he reached as far as the San Juan river and he brought 160 men. Soon after arriving the party was separated, with Pizzaro staying to explore the new and often perilous territory off the Colombian coasts, while Almagro was sent back to Panama for reinforcements. Bartolome Ruiz found and captured the Balsa which carried a load of textiles. He then set sail north to find Pizarro and the two met and he found that Pizzaro’s men were worn out and very tired from the unworthy expedition. The findings and excellent news from Ruiz along with Almagro’s new reinforcement cheered Pizzaro and his troops. They came back and about a year later they asked the new governor Panama Pedro de los Rios for a new third expedition but he refused to fund them. Pizzaro left for Spain to ask the sovereign in person. He impressed the king with his interview and the findings that he had in his second expedition and he promised to give his support for the conquest of Peru. He was appointed governor and one of the conditions of the being the governor was to raise a sufficiently equipped force of two hundred fifty men. They had to report to Atahualpa with the people but he only had 106 foot soldiers and 52 horsemen. Athualpa refused to let any Spanish presence in his land by saying he would be “no man’s tributary”. His refusal led to the attack of the Incan Army. The Incan army was overtaken within a day and the city was conquered by Pizzaro. A year later he invaded Cuzco and then he founded the city of Lima on the coast. Final Sound: