Henry+Hudson

media type="file" key="cborum hudson.mp3"[|cborum hudson.mp3] Hudson's early life is fairly unknown, but he is thought to have spent many years at sea. He is said to have begun as a [|cabin boy] at 16 and gradually worked his way up to ship's [|captain]. In 1607, the [|Muscovy Company] of England hired Hudson to find the [|Northeast Passage] to [|China]. Hudson is claimed by [|Thomas Edge] (who was often inaccurate) to have discovered what is now known as [|Jan Mayen]—although there is no cartographical or written proof of this discovery He landed in Svalbard and, later, whaling and coal economies sprang up there. In 1608, Hudson made a second attempt, trying to go across the top of Russia but was forced to turn back. In 1609, Hudson was chosen by the [|Dutch East India Company] to find an easterly passage to Asia. He was told to sail around the [|Arctic Ocean] north of Russia, into the Pacific and to the [|Far East]. Hudson could not continue his voyage due to the ice that had plagued his previous voyages, and many others before him. Having heard rumors by way of Jamestown and John Smith, he and his crew decided to try to seek out a Southwest Passage through [|North America]. After crossing the [|Atlantic Ocean], his vessel, the //[|Halve Maen]// (//Half Moon//), sailed around briefly in the [|Chesapeake Bay] and entered [|Delaware Bay] on August 28, but Hudson concluded that these waterways did not lead to the Pacific. Hudson then moved into [|New York Harbor] and proceeded up what is today the [|Hudson River]. He made it as far as [|Albany, New York], where the river narrows, before he was forced to turn around, realizing that it was not the Southwest Passage. Along the way, Hudson traded with several native tribes and obtained different shells, beads and furs. His voyage established Dutch claims to the region and the [|fur trade] that prospered there. [|New Amsterdam] in [|Manhattan] became the capital of [|New Netherland] in 1625. On his return trip to Amsterdam, he stopped in Dartmouth, England for some reason and was detained by authorities there, who wanted access to his log. He managed to pass the log to the Dutch ambassador to England who sent it, along with his report, to [|Amsterdam] In 1610, Hudson managed to get the backing for yet another voyage, now under the English flag. The funding came from the [|Virginia Company] and the [|British East India Company]. At the helm of his new ship, the //[|Discovery]//, he stayed to the north (some claim he deliberately went too far south with the Dutch), reaching [|Iceland] on May 11, the south of Greenland on June 4, and then managing to turn around the southern tip of Greenland. On June 25, the explorers reached the [|Hudson Strait] at the northern tip of [|Labrador]. Following the southern coast of the strait on [|August 2], the ship entered [|Hudson Bay]. Hudson spent the following months mapping and exploring the eastern shores. In November, however, the ship became trapped in the ice in [|James Bay], and the crew moved ashore for the winter. When the ice cleared in the spring of 1611, Hudson planned to continue exploring. However, his crew wanted to return home. Matters came to a head and the crew [|mutinied] in June 1611. They set Hudson, his teenage son John, and eight crewmen - either sick and infirm, or loyal to Hudson - adrift in a small open boat. According to Abacuck Prickett's journal, the castaways were provided with powder and shot, some pikes, an iron pot, some meal, and other miscellaneous items as well as clothing. However, Prickett's journal was disingenous insofar that it was written to be advantageous to the point of view of the mutineers (as they knew they would be tried in England). Some argue that the abandoned men were provided with nothing and expected to die. The small boat kept pace with the Discovery for some time as the abandoned men rowed towards her but eventually Discovery's sails were let loose.[|[3]] Hudson was never seen again. Only eight of the thirteen mutinous crewmen survived to return to Europe, and although arrested, none were ever punished for the mutiny and Hudson's death. One theory holds that they were considered valuable as sources of information, having travelled to the New World.[|[4]] Henry Hudson has landmarks named after him, including [|Hudson Bay], [|Hudson Strait], [|Hudson County, New Jersey], and the [|Hudson River]. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_hudson

On October 2, as the "Half Moon" neared Manhattan, some Native Americans became hostile and Hudson ordered guns to be fired at them. Several were killed, and the event was remembered 15 years later when the Dutch came to settle in Manhattan in 1624. Greene and three other mutineers were later killed by Eskimos and Juet died before the "Discovery," now captained by Robert Bylot, reached England. The "Half Moon" did not fare much better. A few years later she was wrecked on the island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean while on a voyage to the Dutch East Indies. http://www.hudsonriver.com/halfmoonpress/stories/hudson.htm

On his return, Hudson stopped in England, where he was arrested for sailing under another nation's flag, considered treason at the time. He and his crew stayed in England while the Dutch ship and the Dutch sailors in the crew went home, apparently with Hudson's record of the voyage. http://www.ianchadwick.com/hudson/hudson_03.htm Henry Hudson claimed land for the dutch along the Atlantic coast of north america. __World History the Human Experience__
 * Unable to find anyone in England** to back his proposed expedition, Henry Hudson turned to the Dutch - England's greatest trading rival - and was eventually hired to seek a Northeast Passage - the direction he had taken in his unsuccessful second voyage over the top of Russia. But after a short journey north, Hudson again faced a possible mutiny from his crew, possibly led by Robert Juet. He turned his ship, the [|Half Moon], around and - ignoring his contract terms - instead headed for the New World and warmer climate.

Henry Hudson was born circa 1570 in England. Most of the rest of his early life was unknown, but we do know that at the age of sixteen he became a cabin boy and From there he moved his way up to become captain. In 1607 hudson was hired by the Muscovy company of england to find a northeast route to china. he was also thought by Thomas EDge to hve discovered Jan Mayen, but there is no proof. Hudson did however landed in Svalbard where shortly after whaling and Coal economies were established. In a second attempt Hudson made it as far as the top of Russia before he was forced to turn back because of a possible mutiny by his crew. In 1609 hudson was hired by the Dutch to try again to find a northeastern route to asia. He claimed land along east coast of North America for the Dutch. This time however their path was blocked by ice and they had to turn back. Instead of going back to europe Hudson set his sights on America and a warmer climate. On his first journey to America Hudson tried to find a southwest passage to Asia. He traded with many Native American tribes and he established the prosperous fur trade. After a while Hudson returned to europe and was arrested for sailing under the Dutch because he was English. Hudson and the rest of the english sailors stayed in England while the Dutch returned home with Hudson's log of the voyage. in 1610 Hudson went on another voyage to America, but he sailed under the English flag this time. Hudson got a new ship for this Voyage called the Discovery. At first he went North and reached iceland and then traveled on to greenland. On June 25th of 1610 Hudson reached America and traveled down the east coast. Hudson set out mapping what he had seen. In November the crew became trapped in ice in the James Bay and the crew moved onto land to live for the winter. the Ice melted in the spring of 1611 and Hudson planned to go on, but his crew had other motives. they were tired and home sick and longed to return to England. In June of 1611 Hudson's crew mutinied and took him, his teenage son, and eight other crew members, that were either sick or loyal to Hudson and sent them to drift in small open boat. Hudson and his small crew were given powder and shot, pikes, an iron pot, some food, other things and clothing. This information was all taken from a mutinous crew member's journal which would have been swayed toward the mutineers favor because they knew that they would go to court for their actions. For a while Hudson and his small crew were able to stay right behind the discovery, but when the Discovery opened its sails Hudson fell behind and was never seen again. eight out of the thirteen mutineers mad it back to england and were arrested for their crimes, but were never punished. other than just discovering new parts of america Hudson also named most of the landmarks and bodies of water he saw. some are the hudson bay, hudson strait, hudson county New Jersey, and the Hudson River. Hudson made many great discoveries and established many prosperous trades such as the fur trade and and the whaling and coal economies in the North. although hudson was left to die he did not die on vain for his legacy shall live in iin the history books forever.