Isaac+Newton

__media type="file" key="Dennis Fasciani Issac Newton.mp3"

[|Dennis Fasciani Issac Newton.mp3]

Isaac Newton__ **

Nationality: ** English
 * Career: ** Physicist, Mathematician, Writer, Administrator
 * Birth: ** 1642 Lincolnshire, England
 * Death: ** 1727 London, England

Isaac Newton is considered one of the most important scientists of all time. The author of the law of universal gravitation and the laws of motion, Newton presented an entirely new way of explaining the workings of the universe. Born on December 25, 1642, in Woolsthorpe, Lincolnshire, England, Newton was a premature baby who was not expected to live. His father had died three months previous to the birth, and his mother was remarried to the rector of a nearby parish three years later, leaving Newton in the care of his grandparents. In mechanics, Newton enunciated the principles of [|conservation of momentum] and [|angular momentum]. In [|optics], he invented the [|reflecting telescope] and developed a theory of [|colour] based on the observation that a [|prism] decomposes [|white] [|light] into a [|visible spectrum]. He also formulated an empirical [|law of cooling] and studied the [|speed of sound]. In mathematics, Newton shares the credit with [|Gottfried Leibniz] for the [|development] of the differential and integral [|calculus]. He also demonstrated the generalised [|binomial theorem], developed the so-called " [|Newton's method] " for approximating the zeroes of a [|function] , and contributed to the study of [|power series]. Newton entered his uncle's old College, Trinity College Cambridge, on 5 June 1661. He was older than most of his fellow students but, despite the fact that his mother was financially well off, he entered as a sizar. A sizar at Cambridge was a student who received an allowance toward college expenses in exchange for acting as a servant to other students. Newton's aim at Cambridge was a law degree. Instruction at Cambridge was dominated by the philosophy of [|Aristotle] but some freedom of study was allowed in the third year of the course. Newton studied the philosophy of [|Descartes], [|Gassendi] , [|Hobbes] , and in particular [|Boyle]. The mechanics of the Copernican astronomy of [|Galileo] attracted him and he also studied [|Kepler] 's //Optics.// He recorded his thoughts in a book which he entitled //Quaestiones Quaedam Philosophicae// (Certain Philosophical Questions).  Newton wanted to remain at the university to earn his master’s degree, but he was forced to return to the farm to escape the bubonic plague, a deadly disease that was spreading quickly through London at the time. During his time at the farm, Newton worked independently on his studies, experimenting in the areas of gravitation and optics (the study of light) and developing a form of math known as calculus. In 1666, Newton saw an apple fall to the ground, and he began to ponder the force that was responsible for the action. While this story has often been considered a legend, Newton confirmed that it did in fact happen. He first thought that the apple fell because all matter attracts other matter. He then theorized that the rate of the apple’s fall was directly proportional to the attractive force Earth exerted upon it.  <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'">In addition, Newton suggested the inverse square law: force decreases according to the square of the distance from the center of Earth. Then he made a daring hypothesis (an untested idea), suggesting the force that pulled the apple was also responsible for keeping the Moon in orbit around Earth. This was an important idea because at the time most people believed in the theory of ancient Greek philosopher **Aristotle** (384-322 B.C.), who had said that the heavenly bodies obeyed different physical laws than objects on Earth. Newton had suggested that all bodies responded to the same physical laws, no matter where they were. When Newton was experimenting with light, he discovered that light was made up of every color in the spectrum, by sending light through a prism, which split the colors, then back through another prism, intertwining the colors again.
 * <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-bidi-font-style: italic">__Inspired by falling apple__ **<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'">

<span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">**__Newton Abondons but then returns to work on Gravity__**

Newton became very bitter about the many arguments surrounding his work, particularly his fights with Hooke. At one point he was so frustrated that he vowed not to publish any more scientific works. In the 1680s, however, Newton was drawn into publicly presenting his work again after being encouraged by his good friend, the English astronomer Edmond Halley (1656-1742). Halley told Newton that Hooke had claimed to have discovered the laws concerning the motion of celestial objects. Newton casually told Halley that he had already come up with the answer to that problem 15 years earlier in his early days of research at the family farm. Halley convinced Newton to retry the calculations that he had abandoned before. This time the calculations worked: a more accurate measurement of Earth’s radius had been reported, giving Newton better data for his calculations.

__Discovered 3 basic laws that governed the way objects moved__ These are known as Newton’s laws of motion In 1705, Queen Anne knighted him; it was the first time a scientist had been so honored. Sir Isaac Newton died on March 20, 1727, at the age of 84, and was buried alongside other English heroes in Westminster Abbey. His vast influence upon science continued after his death; the only people who have since had such an important role in science and history have been English naturalist **Charles Darwin** (1809-1882), who popularized the idea of evolution, and German-born physicist **Albert Einstein** (1879-1955), who formulated the theory of relativity. But Newton was modest about his place in history. In a letter written to Hooke, Newton once stated, “if I have seen further than other men, it is because I stood on the shoulders of giants.” (2008, September 28). Isaac Newton. Retrieved September 30, 2008, Web site: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Newton Meadows, j (1987). //The Great Scientists: the story of science told through the lives of twelve landmark figures//. New York, New York: Oxford University Press. 2000, January). Sir Isaac Newton. Retrieved September 30, 2008, from Newton Biography Web site: http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Newton.html   UXL biographies 2.0 CD-ROM
 * Newton also studied force and how objects reacted to force**
 * First Law: ** an oject not being pushed or pulled by an object would either sit still or move in a straight line
 * Second law: ** when force is applied to an object it accelerates and moves in the direction of the force, and the amount of acceleration depends on the mass of the object the force is acting upon
 * Third law: ** if you push or pull an object, it will exert equal force back to the object applying the force
 * // Remembered for landmark work //**

When I say the name Isaac Newton, many things may pop into your head. Things like scientist, discover or of gravity, and even "thats the guy that had an apple fall on his head rite?" All these things are true about the scientist Isaac Newton. He discovery gravity when an apple fell on his head. He was a scientist that formulated Newtons laws of motion. He also worked with light and the visible spectrum. Newtron was an amazing scientist with an awe-inspiring scientific mind.

Isaac Newton was born in 1642, in Lincolnshire England. Newtron was actually a premature baby and not expected to live, but luckily for the world, he survived. Though, 3 months after his birth, his father died and his mother remarried, leaving Newton in the care of his grandparents. Newton went to Trinity College Cambridge in 1661. He was much older than the other students and entered the college as a sizar, which was a student who received money to pay for college expenses in exchange for being a servant to other students. His original goal was to receive a law degree, but that goal drastically changed after the well known apple incident...

When the plague broke out in Europe, Newton had to return to the farm, though he still kept up with his studies. In his studies he actually founded the math of calculus, which to this day, are confusing msj students. One day while Newton was studying under an //apple// tree, an apple fell from a branch and landed next to him. This started a thought in Newton's head about what could be making this object fall to the ground. When he began to research this idea, he theorized that the apple's rate of fall is proportional to its mass. He later changed the theory to explain how the moon and planets are kept in space. After more research to prove to the skeptics he was right, the idea of gravity was formed.

Newton also worked on force on objects and the objects reaction to that force. He made three incredible discoveries and stated three laws of motion that probably every high school student has heard at one time or another. The first law is that an object that has no force exerted on it will either sit still or move in a straight line at a continuous pace. The second law states that when force is acted upon an object, the object moves in the direction of the force and its speed depends on the mass of the object. The third and final law of motion is that if you push or pull an object, it will exert equal force back. These were known and still are known to the world as Newton's laws of Motion.

Isaac Newton was probably the greatest scientific mind the world has ever known, and probably //**will**// ever know. He was a physicist, writer, scientist, and mathematician. From the day he was born to when he died he changed the way people looked at the world. He made some of the most important discoveries in all time, and the world hasn't stopped benefitting from his discoveries.