Imperialism+Screenplay+B

[|The+History+of+European+Imperialism+Script edit.doc]


 * Ron Burgundy**(Kirby): Hello, St. Joe Diego! I'm Ron Burgandy. Tonight’s top story is Imperialism? What is Imperialism? (voice in the back): i believe that it is an old wooden ship used in the Civil War Era.) Ron: no, that cant be right. WAIT!, im getting a feed abou timperialism. Imperialism is known as to building an Empire building, as the forceful extension of a nation's authority by territorial conquest establishing economic and political domination of other nations.

I am going to talk about the French Imperialism. My colleagues are going to talk to you about other important countries Imperialism. Brick is going to report about Portuguese Imperialism, Brian will talk about Dutch, and my good fellow Champ will be telling us about Spain and their Imperialism. Sounds fascinating to me.

France was really interested in Africa. French control was established over much of Northern, Western, and Central Africa by the turn of the century, as well as the east African coastal enclave of Djibouti. Is that a soft J? France was in a big race with England. They were in a big race for land .At this time, the French also established colonies in the South Pacific, including New Caledonia, the various island groups which make up French Polynesia. The French made their last major colonial gains after the First World War, when they gained mandates over the former Turkish territories of the Ottoman Empire that make up what is now Syria and Lebanon, as well as most of the former German colonies of Togo and Cameroon. Africans who adopted French culture, including fluent use of the French language and conversion to Christianity, were granted equal French citizenship.

I'm going to turn you over to my colleague, Brian Fantana on Dutch Imperialism.

Sean: After the 7 year war Portuguese control over the Indies started to falter By the 1590s, a number of Dutch companies were formed to finance trading expeditions in Asia. Because competition lowered their profits, and because of the doctrines of mercantilism, in 1602 the companies united into a cartel and formed the Dutch East India Company also known as Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie or VOC, and received from the government the right to trade and colonize territory

Sean: After a battle in 1641 with the Portuguese the Dutch setup a network of factories in the Indies. And slowly started to take control settingup up their headquarters after a force of nineteen ships, stormed Jayakarta driving out the Banten forces, and from the ashes, established Java as their headquarters

Sean:. In the 1620s, almost the entire native population of Java, the source of nutmeg was deported, driven away, starved to death or killed in an attempt to replace them with Dutch colonial slave labor

Kirby: That is just delightful, isn’t it Brian.

Sean: why yes it is ron, The VOC traded throughout Asia. Ships coming into Batavia from the Netherlands carried silver from Spanish mines in Peru and supplies for VOC settlements in Asia. Silver, combined with copper from Japan, was used to trade with India and China for textiles. These products, such as cotton, silk and ceramics, were either traded within Asia for the coveted spices or brought back to Europe

Sean: During their reign VOC came in control of Dejima, an artificial island off the coast of Nagasaki, the port of Galle, Sri Lanka, from the Portuguese breaking the latter's monopoly of the cinnamon trade, Colombo, an outpost at the Cape of Good Hope VOC. VOC outposts were also established in Persia, Bengal, Malacca, Siam, mainland China, Formosa and southern India.

Sean: the VOC after setting up a colony or conquering a culture would replace the sovereign of the royal court and set up an indigenous aristocracy that would collect tribute from the people. The east India trading company then established trading post for the production of produce, pressured business owners to only do business with the company, controlled who supplied certain products (such as the clove production was limited to only Ambon and mace was limited to Banda islands), and also had forced deliveries were produce that native cultivators were compelled to grow and sell to the company at a set price.

Ron: WOW! again. Fascinating! here's Champ Kind on Spanish Imperialism.

Guy(Champ): Hey There! im Champ Kind. im going to tell you all about Spanish Imperialism. The Spanish American War was a military conflict between Spain and the United States that began in April 1898. Hostilities halted in August of that year, and the Treaty of Paris was signed in December.

Champ: The war began after the American demand for Spain's peacefully resolving the Cuban fight for independence was rejected, though strong expansionist sentiment in the United States may have motivated the government to target Spain's remaining overseas territories: Cuba, Puerto Rico, the Philippines, Guam and the Caroline Islands.

Champ: Riots in Havana by pro-Spanish "Voluntarios" gave the United States a reason to send in the warship USS Maine to indicate high national interest. Tension among the American people was raised because of the explosion of the USS Maine, and "yellow journalism" that accused Spain of extensive atrocities, agitating American public opinion. The war ended after decisive naval victories for the United States in the Philippines and Cuba.

Champ: The USS Maine, a second-class battleship built between 1888 and 1895, was sent to Havana in January 1898 to protect American interests during the long-standing revolt of the Cubans against the Spanish government. In the evening of 15 February 1898, "WHAMMY" Maine sank when her forward gunpowder magazines exploded. Nearly three-quarters of the battleship's crew died as a result of the explosion.

Champ:Before dawn on 1 May 1898, Commodore George Dewey's flagship Olympia led seven U.S. Navy cruisers and gunboats into Manila Bay. By 8 AM that morning Dewey's Asiatic Squadron had located and destroyed virtually the entire Spanish naval force in the Philippines. Damage to the American ships was negligible, and their crews suffered no fatalities and few injuries.

Ron: thats out of site Champ! heres Brick on Portuguesse Imperialism.

Brick (bret): Hi, I'm Brian Fantana here to talk about Dutch Imperialism. (voice in the back: Brick you're not Brian Fantana. and where'd you get a banana?) Brick: I DONT KNOW! (throws the banana). In the 16th century, the Portuguese established a monopoly over trade between Asia and Europe by managing to prevent rival powers from using the water routes between Europe and the Indian Ocean. However, with the rise of the rival Dutch East India Company, Portuguese influence in Asia was gradually eclipsed. Bret: Lured by the potential of high profits from another expeditions, the Portuguese established a permanent base south of the Indian trade port of Calicut in the early 15th century. In 1510, the Portuguese seized Goa on the coast of India, which Portugal held until 1961. The Portuguese soon acquired a monopoly over trade in the Indian Ocean. Bret: The lucrative trade was vastly expanded when the Portuguese began to export slaves from Africa in 1541; however, over time, the rise of the slave trade left Portugal over-extended, and vulnerable to competition from other Western European powers. Envious of Portugal's control of trade routes, other Western European nations—mainly Holland, France, and England—began to send in rival expeditions to Asia. In 1642, the Dutch drove the Portuguese out of the Gold Coast in Africa, the source of the bulk of Portuguese slave laborers, leaving this rich slaving area to other Europeans, especially the Dutch and the English. Bret: Rival European powers began to make inroads in Asia as the Portuguese and Spanish trade in the Indian Ocean declined primarily because they had become hugely over-stretched financially due to the limitations on their investment capacity and contemporary naval technology. Both of these factors worked in tandem, making control over Indian Ocean trade extremely expensive. Bret: The existing Portuguese interests in Asia proved sufficient to finance further colonial expansion and entrenchment in areas regarded as of greater strategic importance in nearer Africa and Brazil. Portuguese maritime supremacy was lost to the Dutch in the 17th century, and with this came serious challenges for the Portuguese. However, they still clung to Macau, and settled a new colony in Timor Island. It was as recent as the 1960s and 1970s that the Portuguese began to relinquish their colonies in Asia. Goa was invaded by India in 1962; East-Timor was abandoned in 1975 and was then invaded by Indonesia; and Macau was handed over to the Chinese as per a treaty in 1999.

Ron: thats all for today. You stay classy St. Joe Diego. tomorrows top story: Bears.

Brick: i heard that bears are attracted to period blood.